DID DANIEL
PREDICT YEAR WHEN CHRIST WOULD BE CRUCIFIED?
THE PROPHECY
Christians often
claim that the person who wrote the Old Testament Book
of Daniel, accurately predicted the time Jesus would be on earth and his
death. They say he even gave the
year! Not surprisingly, those who teach
that he did cannot agree among themselves about how to calculate this or what
event in Jesus’ life it points to. This
tells the tale that they are forcing their interpretation on Daniel. Some say it is the start of the ministry or
the baptism. Others say that it is the
entry into Jerusalem. Others say it is
the cross.
Here it is, “Seventy
weeks are decreed for your people and your holy city to finish with breaking
the law, to finish with sin, to atone for wickedness, to bring in righteousness
and holiness without end, to seal up and finish vision and prophecy and to anoint
the most holy. Know this, understand
this: from the time that the decree to restore and rebuild Jerusalem is issued,
there will be seven weeks and then sixty-two weeks until the Anointed One, the
ruler comes. Jerusalem will be rebuilt
with streets and a trench but in times of distress. After the sixty-two weeks the Anointed One
will be cut off and will have nothing at all.
And the people of a ruler who is yet to come will destroy the city and the
sanctuary” (Daniel 9:24-26).
This is the famous
prophecy of the Seventy Weeks.
WHAT ARE THE WEEKS?
Daniel seems to say
that Jerusalem has got 70 weeks in which a day stands for a year from the time
of the decree to rebuild it. So 70 weeks
is 70 x 7 which is 490. Seven weeks pass
and then sixty two weeks making sixty nine weeks which stands for 483 years
after which the anointed, anointed or anointed one is the same word as Christ
or Messiah, will be cut off or killed.
Seven years are left and Jerusalem will be destroyed.
Christians say that
when the 69 weeks from the decree to re-build Jerusalem are up, the Christ will
be at large. The prophecy says that the
anointed one will be cut off after 69 weeks that is 483 years.
The Christians work
this out by saying that year represents a year shorter than our year of 365
days. According to them Daniel is using
a year of 360 days (The Case for Jesus the Messiah, page 127). They say the 360 calculation was employed at
the time of Noah in Genesis. They think
Genesis has 12 months of 30 days each (ibid, 127). But where is the evidence that they did not
add on the days they were short unto the last month? And what has Genesis and its time have to do
with Daniel who lived centuries later?
The next thing they do is to argue that since the Book of Revelation
used the 360 years to refer to the same period Daniel once prophesied about
that Daniel must have used the same method of reckoning. Revelation 12:6 seems to say that the three
and a half years indicated in Daniel 7:25 is 1,260
days meaning the year was 360 days. But
it seems to only in their imagination for if you read Revelation the 1,260 days
is spent nourishing the symbolic woman with the stars round her head. She could have been doing something different
if Daniel was on about her for the rest of the three and a half years reckoning
the days by our 365 a year. The prophecy
is being rigged to make it refer to the year Jesus was nailed to the
cross. Evidence that Demands a
Verdict Vol 1 (page 172) does that too.
Christians say that
the time to start counting is from the decree of Artaxerxes
in 444 BC and counting with the fact in mind that a year for a Jew then was 360
days we come up with the year Jesus died 33 AD.
So that is 483 years.
Daniel 9:2 says that
Daniel read in Jeremiah the number of years.
This is supposed to prove that the weeks are seven years. But he is talking about Jeremiah’s time
measurement not his.
That the days are
years and that weeks are seven years is just an assumption.
www.mindspring.com/~bab5/BIB/lessons.htm
Daniel 9:17-27 Seventy Weeks of Years is a webpage that argues regarding
Daniel’s 70 weeks prophecy that since the author of Daniel knew Jeremiah pretty
well and how Jeremiah’s prophecy that Israel would be exiled for 70 years
proved false for it was 48 years that he probably assumed that the 70 years
were not literal and so he might have not meant his 70 weeks to give a specific
time span. It also points out how the conservatives often add the before the
word anointed in verse 25 to make it seem that Jesus is being referred to and
even go as far as to pretend that the seven weeks and the sixty-two weeks add up
to sixty nine weeks when they could be running concurrently and indeed must be
for the writer could have written 69 weeks instead of 7 and 62 weeks. It shows that the Jewish year was not 360
days long for they had reason to add on a month every three years which means
that Jesus would have died about 38 AD which Christians cannot accept for
Pilate was axed in 37 AD.
Why did Daniel say
70 weeks instead of 490 years? Even
though the word he used for week means a week of seven years it must mean
something different. He is not using the
word literally. Daniel complained that
he did not understand what years stood for in Jeremiah (9:2). The angel Gabriel gives him the 70 weeks vision
but does not say what the weeks mean or if we can take a strict reckoning of
time from them – they might be only poetic and highly symbolic. Verse 23 indicates that what Daniel sees in
the vision gives him understanding of what years and weeks symbolise. The angel didn’t make it plain to him. Consequently, Daniel’s vision does not
justify Christian attempts to prove that he knew the year in which Jesus would
die. The Jews had a word for weeks in
which days represented years. Shabua was that word.
And Daniel used it. Had he taken
the word literally he would not have been confused or have needed to be
informed by an angel. Nor would he have
written 70 weeks instead of 490 years.
There is evidence
that Daniel did not mean sets of seven years by a week at all. In Daniel 12 during and after chatter about a
year and a half year and two years and days Daniel is told that nobody will
understand what all this is about until the end time and then only the wise
will understand. The meaning is that
there is a code that nobody can break for the book is sealed by God until the
end of time. The key to understanding
the prophecy would be working out what is meant by weeks and days and years in
the chapter to see who is meant. But
this is what is being kept secret (v4).
When these times are secret it is the vital clue that the seventy weeks
are not 490 years at all. What would be
the point of writing seventy weeks when you could write 490 years and others
can figure it out that it is 490 years?
It only makes sense if you want to throw people off the scent.
Let us assume that
the Christians are right in saying he predicted that it would be 483 years
before Christ is cut off.
FROM WHAT DECREE DO WE START COUNTING?
If there had been no
decree the Christians would be saying it was a future one that was meant for
they say Bible prophecy mixes up past and present and future tenses.
Cyrus Decree 536 BC
The decree of Cyrus may
be a candidate.
The Christian may
reply, “It is not the decree of Cyrus for that is only concerned about
rebuilding the temple. It is not the
decree of Tattenai who commanded the same thing in
519 BC for he only reissued the decree of Cyrus which relates only to the
rebuilding of the temple (page 71, The Case for Jesus the Messiah). The
decree of Artaxerxes did likewise in 457 BC (Ezra
7). Some years later, he gave out
another decree, one which commanded the city to be rebuilt. This was in 444 BC. Add on 483 assuming years of 360 days and we
come to 33 AD the year in which Jesus may have been crucified.” This is a synopsis of the argument in the
book The Case for Jesus the Messiah.
Even if it were true
that Cyrus according to the Bible decreed the rebuilding of the temple it
remains true that we might just have been given incomplete information. Cyrus
could have decreed both the rebuilding of the temple and the city though the
records only single out the temple for mention.
Amazing but true,
the elimination of Cyrus in that book and every fundamentalist book is a
bare-faced lie no better than the ones they tell to make it seem as if the
Bible never contradicts itself because we read in Isaiah 44:28 that Cyrus
expressly decreed that both temple and city would be rebuilt. The Cyrus decree must have been made about
536 BC. 536 – 483 gives
53 BC. The Christians have to lie because
there is something badly amiss if Daniel predicted the end of an anointed one we know nothing about and ignored Jesus. It would count as strong prophetic scriptural
evidence that Jesus was a fraud.
The Dead Sea Scrolls
imply that we should count from the Cyrus decree of 538 BC (page 81, Jesus
Hypotheses). The first testimony is
stronger than any others. This is the
earliest testimony outside the Bible.
The Christian testimonies that it was a different decree cannot hold a
candle to it for they were not testifying before the Dead Sea Scrolls.
A decree to have the
temple rebuilt would necessarily also be a decree to
rebuild the city. You can’t have an
isolated temple full of treasures in the middle of nowhere. Christians only focus on the 444 BC decree
and shove the Cyrus one in the bin because it is more specific and concerned
about rebuilding the city which is bad logic.
Artaxerxes 444
BC Decree
The prophecy says
that the Christ or anointed one will come after the decree that Jerusalem is to
be rebuilt. Religionists who count 483
years from 444BC when Artaxerxes decreed that the
city be rebuilt get 33 AD. They have in mind the decree to Nehemiah by the king
of Babylon (Nehemiah 2:5-8 which supposedly decrees the rebuilding of the city
itself. The destruction mentioned in the
prophecy that happens after the anointed one is cut off is thought to refer to
70 AD when Jerusalem was razed to the ground.
But the prophecy says the anointed dies at the end of the sixty ninth week and so that leaves only a week or seven years for the
destruction of Jerusalem. But Jerusalem
was destroyed long after the death of Christ.
The prophecy is not about Jesus at all.
The 444 BC decree is
supposed to be spelled out in Nehemiah 2:3-8.
But although Nehemiah asks the king to let him go back and rebuild the
city the only decree the king gives him is permission to leave for a while and
a decree to write a letter giving him safe passage through the terrain and a
request to get timber from Asaph for doing a bit of
restoration work in Jerusalem. The
purpose of the letter must have been to let Asaph
know that the bill was chargeable to the king.
But there is nothing in what the king said to indicate the king made a
decree to rebuild the city despite the lies of the book The Case for Jesus
the Messiah which says there was a decree to build up the city made by this
man and manipulates the Bible to prove it (page 71).
The Isaiah Decree
The decree is most
likely to be one that is mentioned in the Bible for Daniel was meant to be an
addition to it. You don’t talk about a
decree that nobody may know about either in the present or in future
generations or risk leaving people not knowing which decree is the one meant.
In the Book of
Isaiah, God decrees that Jerusalem and its Temple will be built again and play
an important part in the salvation of the people. The Third Isaiah, the last ten chapters, is
believed to have been written between 537 and 520 BC. The theme in this forged section is that
Jerusalem and the Temple will be restored.
The decree mentioned then in Daniel is most likely to have been God’s
decree. When Daniel is about God and
there are other decrees then it is most likely that he meant God’s decree.
483 years later
would be between 54 and 37 BC. That
Isaiah was meant is accepted by scholars like Dennis Mc Kinsey who has an
excellent website that answers Christian apologetics. He has seen that the Christians rig the year
they want to start counting from. What
they do is ignore the fact that Daniel is counting from the time the decree was
ISSUED and not from the time it was GRANTED.
The difference is that you make a decree but you have to legally grant
the go-ahead for the decree for deciding to decree is not the same as making
the decree. Mc Kinsey also noticed that
it was arbitrary for some to say that Daniel gave the year of the start of
Jesus’ ministry when what Daniel said was when the Messiah ben
Prince would come on the scene meaning when he would be born. He has in mind the likes of Gleason Archer
who count from 457 BC to come up with 27 AD and who then concludes that Jesus
started his ministry and became the anointed Christ in that year. This is contrary to the scholarly consensus
and there is no biblical justification for this choice.
The Jeremiah Decree
But there is
something that is more likely still.
Daniel 9:2 gives the
most likely candidate, God’s decree through Jeremiah that Jerusalem would be in
ruins for 70 years. This implicitly is a
commandment or decree for the restoration of the city after the time is up. God is most explicit in Jeremiah 29:14 where
the kidnapped Israelites are told that they will return to Jerusalem.
Daniel is most
likely to have meant God’s decree through Jeremiah when he was after mentioning
it. Daniel tells us he read the prophets
and that gives a vital clue to what decree he meant because he was setting up a
puzzle and so the clues would have to be in his book.
The relevant
Jeremiah portion was written about 587 BC.
That means that Jesus could not have been Daniel’s Messiah for he came
97 years too late.
The only reason the
444 BC decree is accepted by Christians is because it gives them the year they
want, 30 AD, so they can say it was a prophecy about Jesus.
The Ezra Decree 457BC
Archer’s The Encyclopedia of Bible Difficulties says that 457 BC is
the year indicated by the 483 years and it is the year that the decree to
rebuild the holy city was given to Ezra.
So 483 years minus 457 brings us to 27 AD when Jesus allegedly started
his ministry which he says fulfils his interpretation of Daniel which says what
year the Messiah will appear (page 289-292).
But Archer merely infers the existence of this decree from Nehemiah
1:1-4 and he admits it (page 290). But
the verse only says that Nehemiah thought Jerusalem’s walls were rebuilt in
some time following 457 BC and was disappointed to find that they were
not. It does not say why he thought so –
maybe he just got the wrong information?
Then Ezra 7:6 says that Ezra got all he wanted from the king in
Babylon. But this does not tell us if he
got a decree or needed one for Ezra after behaves like he has authority over
the Jews so if there was a decree we do not know when it was issued. Archer hopes that we don’t notice that Ezra
only wanted to rebuild the walls and the Temple. Archer only assumes that Ezra made the decree
in 457 BC and tries to cover this up.
Others say that the letter of the king in Ezra 7 made in 457 BC which
decrees that Ezra and others must investigate the state of Judah and Jerusalem
and take riches with them to offer sacrifices to God is the decree. But the letter nowhere gives any indication of
decreeing to rebuild Jerusalem. Telling
somebody to rebuild the city if they want to is not
the same as a legal decree or a decree of any kind. The king only decrees that Nehemiah must
please himself despite the lies told in the devious Evidence that Demands a
Verdict Vol 1 (page 172). The king could have decreed that the city may
be rebuilt years before but that is hardly the same as decreeing that it must
be built which is the kind of decree we would need for Daniel’s prediction
which counts from the time the rebuilding of Jerusalem was decreed.
The Isaiah or
Jeremiah Decree is the best candidate. They
destroy the claim made for the prophecy altogether.
Daniel claims to
have hailed from the 530 BCs but much of it really
seems to have been forged in 167-164 BC, its predictions often fit that
period. Anyway, the 70 weeks ends up
forecasting a Christ at large seventy or more years before the death of
Jesus. Christians argue that it cannot
be forged because the rest of the Bible is accurate. But who was it that said in Deuteronomy 18
that that logic was bad? There God said
that a prophet making one blunder has to be ignored and put to death for God is
not the one behind him even if everything else the prophet says is remarkable
and supernaturally right.
WHO IS THE ANOINTED
ONE
The personage is
called the anointed one in this prophecy which means Christ but which does not
necessarily mean an anointed king which is what Christ means when applied to
the likes of Jesus or a descendant of King David.
The prophecy says he
will have nothing at all after being cut off – proving that the anointed is not
Jesus for Jesus’ death was his triumph in the New Testament and it conferred on
Jesus the right to resurrected glory and led to a Church being formed.
The prophecy said
that before 490 years or 70 weeks a most holy would be anointed. Anointed one or Messiah in the Bible means a
king who the sacred anointing oil was poured on (page 55, Jesus
Hypotheses). Daniel would have said if
he meant a person who was not literally anointed but anointed by the Holy
Spirit not oil which was the only anointing the pretended king of the Jews ever
got. Jesus did not fulfil this prophecy.
According to some,
the anointed might be a thing, a place (RSV, Catholic Edition, note on page 885).
This is a lie and it is told because the Christians do not believe that
the people anointed Jesus as the most holy and nobody ever said they did. They need to avert notice of the fact that
the prophecy would say a person was anointed by the people. The verse can mean a person as the bottom of
page 885 of the Old Testament RSCV Bible will tell you therefore it does mean
person for had the writer meant a place he would have said so for you don’t
speak of places being anointed that way.
This most holy is most probably the one who is cut off for there are two
anointeds mentioned.
The first comes seven weeks after the decree and he is a prince. There is another one who is cut off after the
seven weeks plus sixty-two weeks.
Daniel was unlikely to have meant the unknown one who came at the
seventh week because evidently he did not seal the vision and prophet and end
sin when the one who came centuries later was martyred and would have been a
prophet too. So the anointed who was cut
off was not Jesus for Jesus was not anointed at all never mind by the people.
The prophecy says the
490 years will be devoted by the people to ending sin and sealing both vision
and prophet and to atone and anoint a most holy.
The 483 years is
said to bring us to 32-33 AD when Jesus was anointed by God’s spirit in the
Jordan at his baptism. But the gospels
say the ministry lasted three years and since 33 AD is the latest date for the
alleged crucifixion according to scholars it follows that the prophecy has
miscalculated if the dip in the Jordan is what it means by anointing. And it could not mean that for there is a
huge difference between an invisible anointing by the Spirit or a dip in water
though some think Jesus was anointed with water and the type of anointing the
prophet would mean, one by oil in public for anything else would be too vague
and he had no need to be so vague so he wasn’t being vague at all.
Jesus’ most basic
claim was that he was the Messiah. Some
disagree and say it was his claim to be the Son of God. But the Messiah had to be the Son of God
anyway in the sense that he was the being closest to God and the revealer of God and administrator of God’s plans. So Messiah was the important title. But Jesus was never crowned or anointed
king. He never sat on a throne or ruled
in his life. It is dishonest for any man
to come and say, “I am the Messiah”, and fail to act as king. The Christian answer that Jesus is king now
in Heaven and will be Messiah on earth some day is not an answer. Any messianic group could use similar logic
when their leader fails to become Messiah.
Some say the resurrection proved that Jesus had a messianic office. If a group got twenty men to say that its
dead founder appeared to them as king of Heaven - and billions of groups could
manage that if they tried - then we would have more reason to believe these
witnesses than Jesus’ handful of obscure visionaries. There is also the problem that the gospels
say that Jesus being proved Messiah had nothing to do with the resurrection for
it was known before that. The
resurrection was more to show that he was really blessed by God and the
revelation of God and the one who brings us back to God. Jesus even allegedly refused to be made
political king though there was no reason why he could not have been one. One understands why many thought that Jesus
never claimed to be a Messiah at all.
But by no means can Jesus Christ be considered to be the fulfilment of
Daniel’s prophecy.
The murdered
anointed could be really Onias, the saintly high
priest and the destruction of the temple could be the demolition job done by
Antiochus Epiphanes (Antiochus IV) in 171 BC. The prophecies fit that period which is why
much of the book is dated to that time.
Real Christians hate this for it is based on the assumption that nobody
can tell the future which God has condemned as heresy for he says he can tell
us what is in store. Clearly, they want us
to believe in miracles without evidence when it suits them. And then if I
report miracles I alone have seen they say I am a lunatic. The prophecy was written in Onias’s time and not centuries earlier as the Christians
would have you believe.
The prophecy says AFTER
the 483 years the anointed will be cut off so there is no room for saying that
it gives the date of Jesus’ death or Jesus’ anything. The Fundamentalist caper of saying the
prophecy gives the day of Jesus’ entry into Jerusalem or his death has got to
be dismissed as pure fraud.
We have seen that
many Christians think that Daniel predicted the year of Jesus’ death and some
other things about him.
Daniel says that
Israel had seventy weeks of years to atone for sin (v24) which shows that he
did not believe in Jesus who boasted that his death atones for sin for this
plots the atonement and the need for conversion long after Jesus’ death. The prophecy says the death will come about
soon after the 69th week. It
would be more appropriate to call for this at the time of the death of Jesus.
Jesus did not end
transgression and stop sin in 490 years for they still happen so he was not
Daniel’s Messiah. As you will see from
the history of the Church and from my other online books, Jesus actually
deepened sin and his work has mostly bad fruits so he does not fit the prophecy
at all.
The visions say 62
of the weeks will be used to rebuild the city.
The city was rebuilt long before the time of Jesus but this figure of 62
weeks would be unnecessary unless the whole 62 weeks were taken up.
Daniel 9:24 says
that the visions and divinely inspired communications from Heaven will have the
seal set on them when the 70 weeks are up.
According to Jesus
Hypotheses by V Messori, page 79, this is
really saying that there will never be any prophecies or revelations from God
after that time. This rules out the
visions that took place after the New Testament was finished before the Church
worked out that only scriptural visions were binding on faith for before then
they had to be as authorative though subject to
testing by scripture. This eliminates
the validity of more recent visions like those of Fatima and Lourdes.
Daniel would mean
that the New Testament and the revelations of the Catholic Church are condemned
by sacred scripture and are really psuedo-scripture. The apostles would be hoaxers for claiming to
speak with divine authority. The
resurrection of Jesus would have been denied for how could he have been raised
when a revelation was a thing of the past?
His resurrection would be a divine revelation for it tells us stuff
about God.
Since the anointed
alleged to be Jesus was cut off after the end of the 69 weeks there are at most
only seven years (or one week) left for the city to be destroyed. Jerusalem was not destroyed within seven
years after Jesus died. The Christians
solve this problem by saying that the prophecy does not say that the 70 weeks
will finish with the end of the city but say the end comes outside that period. But the prophecy says the person doing the
destroying is active for a week and half way through the week he abolishes
sacrifice. That takes up the whole 490
years. Jesus was not the anointed who
was cut off after week 69.
The Christians say that
Rome under Titus fulfilled the prophecy and destroyed the Temple in 70AD. The prophecy tells us after the last anointed
is cut off or killed after the 69 weeks a leader will come and destroy the
Temple and abolish sacrifice. Christians
say that this is not chronological for it has the ending of sacrifice after the
destruction of the Temple. The reason they
say so is because the Jews used the Temple alone for sacrifice so to flatten
the Temple was to abolish sacrifice but it is chronological. What is the point in saying that the leader
will abolish sacrifice by destroying the Temple when everybody knows that
sacrifice cannot go on if the Temple is ruined?
Also, preventing sacrifice is not the same as abolishing it. The leader had religious influence over the
people and so told them not to offer sacrifice ever again after he wrecked the
Temple. Rome in 70 AD never did
that.
Some say that the person
that abolished sacrifice was Jesus Christ himself and he predicted the
destruction of the Temple and vowed that he would knock it down. This would mean he was the antichrist in
opposition to the real Christ.
Another “solution”
is to argue that the leader of an army who will destroy the sanctuary and the
city in verse 26 is not the same as the one who makes a covenant with many and
bans sacrifice and puts an abomination in the temple in verse 27. But the prophecy talks as if they are one and
the same. It speaks of a leader in 26
and calls him he in verse 27. The Bible
never says that breaking up the subject like that is right. When Christians find a prophecy does not fit
they make it fit and here as with Ezekiel who said Nebuchadnezzar would do
things Alexander did they pretend it is a double reference: the prophet means
two people though it looks like he means one (page 170, Evidence that
Demands a Verdict, Vol 1). They have no shame. A prophet needs to be clear so that we can
test him by Deuteronomy 18 which is God’s own standard. He has to mean what he writes and write what
he means. The person in verse 26
destroyed the city according to that very verse and the solution does not
work. Yet Evidence that Demands a
Verdict Vol 1 says that the person in 26 was
inside the 490 years and the person who abolished sacrifice was outside it
(page 170). Christians invent solutions
for those who are too lazy to go to the Bible and see that the solutions are fake. Too many people
will take it for granted that there is a solution without thinking and that is
what they want. Some say the verse 26
refers to the anointed being cut off and a bad prince wrecking the country and
that verse 27 refers to the first person again implying the anointed has risen
from the dead to do what the prophecy says, make a covenant for seven years and
abolish sacrifice in 3 ½ years and see the end coming on the desolator. But this has not been fulfilled and Daniel
said it would all be fulfilled in 490 years.
The desolator is the one who makes the covenant and is the one who
abolishes sacrifice when you read it properly and who is the one who attacked
the city after the anointed was cut off.
CONCLUSION
Christians are doing a Nostradamus by making out that the year of Jesus’ death or baptism or whatever is predicted in an Old Testament book!
BOOKS CONSULTED
Alleged Discrepancies of the Bible, John W Haley, Whitaker House, Pennsylvania, undated
Are There Hidden Codes in the Bible? Ralph O Muncaster, Harvest House Publishers, Eugene, Oregon, 2000
Attack on the Bible, John R Rice, Sword of the Lord, Murfreesboro, Tennessee, 1965
Bible Dictionary and Concordance, New American Bible, Catholic Edition, CD Stampley Enterprises, Charlotte Enterprises, Inc, North Carolina, 1971
Encyclopaedia of Bible Difficulties, Gleason W Archer, Zondervan, Grand Rapids, Michigan, 1982
Evidence that Demands a Verdict, Vol 1, Alpha, Scripture Press Foundation, Bucks, 1995
God’s Word, Final, Infallible and Forever, Floydd C McElveen, Gospel Truth Ministries, Grand Rapids, 1985
In Search of Certainty, John Guest, Regal Books, Ventura, California, 1983
Jesus Hypotheses, V Messori, St Paul Publications, Slough, 1977
Science and the Bible, Henry Morris, Moody Press, Bucks, 1988
Science Speaks, Peter W Stoner, Robert C Newman, Moody Press, Chicago, 1976
The Bible Code, Michael Drosnin, Orion, London, 2000
The Case for Jesus the Messiah, John Ankerberg Harvest House, Eugene, Oregon, 1989
The Hard Sayings of Jesus, FF Bruce, Hodder & Stoughton, London, 1983
The Late Great Planet Earth, Hal Lindsay, Lakeland, London, 1974
The Signature of God, Grant R Jeffrey, Marshall Pickering, London, 1998
The Truth Behind the Bible Code, Dr Jeffrey Satinover, Sidgwick & Jackson, London, 1997
The Truth of Christianity, WH Turton, Wells Gardner, Darton & Co Ltd, London, 1905
The Unauthorised Version, Robin Lane Fox, Penguin, Middlesex, 1992
The Virginal Conception and Bodily Resurrection of Jesus, Raymond E Brown, Paulist Press, New York, 1973
Theodore Parker’s Discourses, Theodore Parker, Longmans, Green, Rader and Dyer, London, 1876
Whatever Happened to Heaven, Dave Hunt, Harvest House, Eugene, Oregon, 1988
The WWW
www.infidels.org/library/modern/steven_carr/non-messianic.html,
Steven Carr, Critique of Josh McDowells Non-Messianic
Prophecies This Site cannot be overly recommended. It is superb.